Humans fall between presocial and eusocial in the spectrum of animal ethology. However, in the 18th century the Scottish economist, Adam Smith taught that a society "may subsist among different men, as among different merchants, from a sense of its utility without any mutual love or affection, if only they refrain from doing injury to each other." Conceptions In the 1630s it was used in reference to "people bound by neighborhood and intercourse aware of living together in an ordered community". Without an article, the term can refer to the entirety of humanity (also: "society in general", "society at large", etc.), although those who are unfriendly or uncivil to the remainder of society in this sense may be deemed to be " antisocial". This was in turn from the Latin word societas, which in turn was derived from the noun socius (" comrade, friend, ally" adjectival form socialis) used to describe a bond or interaction between parties that are friendly, or at least civil. The term "society" came from the 12th-century French société (meaning 'company'). In this regard, society can mean the objective relationships people have with the material world and with other people, rather than "other people" beyond the individual and their familiar social environment. More broadly, and especially within structuralist thought, a society may be illustrated as an economic, social, industrial or cultural infrastructure, made up of, yet distinct from, a varied collection of individuals. This is sometimes referred to as a subculture, a term used extensively within criminology, and also applied to distinctive subsections of a larger society. A society can also consist of like-minded people governed by their own norms and values within a dominant, larger society. So far as it is collaborative, a society can enable its members to benefit in ways that would otherwise be difficult on an individual basis both individual and social (common) benefits can thus be distinguished, or in many cases found to overlap. Societies, and their norms, undergo gradual and perpetual changes. These patterns of behavior within a given society are known as societal norms. Societies construct patterns of behavior by deeming certain actions or concepts as acceptable or unacceptable. In the social sciences, a larger society often exhibits stratification or dominance patterns in subgroups. Societies are characterized by patterns of relationships ( social relations) between individuals who share a distinctive culture and institutions a given society may be described as the sum total of such relationships among its constituent members. Left to right: a family in Savannakhet, Laos a school of fish near Fiji a military parade on a Spanish national holiday a crowd shopping in Maharashtra, India.Ī society is a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same spatial or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.
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